Childhood Anemia in Bihar, India: Patterns and Determinants
Abstract
Anemia is a significant global public health issue that is worse among children and pregnant women. World Health Organisation reported that 42% of children under five years of age and 40% of pregnant mothers worldwide are anemic. Anemia is one of the most commonly prevalent nutritional problems across the countries, affecting almost all ages, sex, and physiological groups especially the vulnerable groups. It adversely affects the morbidity and mortality among children. An assessment of the pattern and determinants of childhood anemia in Bihar is carried out in this study. The data from the National Family Health Survey conducted during 2015-16 is used in this study to examine the scenario of childhood anemia in Bihar. The bivariate and binary logistic regression models were used to accomplish the study objectives. The anemia prevalence is in Bihar (64%) is 5% higher than the national average (59%). The results from the binary logistic regression model show that the children with lower educated mothers, poor household wealth status, higher birth order, and female sex have a significantly higher risk of childhood anemia in Bihar. Further, Bhagalpur, Kosi, and Darbhanga division of Bihar have a higher risk of childhood anemia. Therefore, it is recommended that socioeconomically, demographically, and regionally backward sections should get focussed on policy modification and program interventions.
Keywords: Anemia, Hemoglobin deficiency, Iron deficiency, Regional pattern, Kosi.
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